Lecture Course

Cosmic Origins

November 2018-January 2019
University Groningen





Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel: Creation of the Sun, Moon and Planets






Lecturers:

    Rien van de Weygaert,
                      Kapteynborg ZG 186, Zernike Campus   tel. 3634086,   weygaert@astro.rug.nl






Lectures:

The lecture schedule will be:

      Monday    19:05-21:00       hoorcollege/lecture              
                                                          Academiegebouw, vd Leeuwzaal     


      Friday       15:00-17:00        hoorcollege/lecture (4 classes), werkcollege/tutorial (4 classes)             
                                                          Academiegebouw, vd Leeuwzaal     




Announcements:

First lecture on monday November 12, Academiegebouw

Second lecture on friday November 16, Academiegebouw)

Third lecture on monday November 19, Academiegebouw.

Tutorial lecture friday November 23, Academiegebouw, vdLeeuwzaal

Lecture monday November 26: cancelled (conference ltrip lecturer).
Lecture friday November 30: cancelled (conference ltrip lecturer).

Extra lecture: thursday December 13, 19:00-21:00, Academiegebouw, vd Leeuwzaal.
Extra lecture: thursday December 20, 19:00-21:00, Harmoniecomplex, 1313.0309


Lecture room changes:
           Dec. 14, friday, 15:00-17:00        5419.0119, Kapteynborg, Zernike campus
           Dec. 20, thursday, 19:00-21:00   1313.0309, Harmoniegebouw
           Dec. 21, friday, 15:00-17:00        5419.0119, Kapteynborg, Zernike campus
           Jan. 18, friday, 15:00-17:00         5419.0119, Kapteynborg, Zernike campus

Jan. 17, thursday, 19:00-21:00        NO lecture (unlike mentioned in the schedule)
Jan. 18, friday, 15:00-27:00        Cosmic Debates;       Kapteynborg, Zernike campus, 5419.0119


Exam: tuesday January 22, 14:00-17:00; Bernoulliborg 5161.0165






Albert Einstein and Edwin Hubble,
studying the recession of galaxies at the Mt. Wilson 100inch telescope

Literature:

The course will be based on

lecture notes/slides (see below)

book:

           Cosmos, An Illustrated History of Astronomy and Cosmology
           John North
           2nd ed., 2008, Univ. Chicago Press (paperback)


additional books you may want to consult (ie., do not buy, these are not course books):

           Cosmology, the Science of the Universe
           Edward Harrison
           2nd ed., 2000, Cambridge Univ. Press

           Conceptions of Cosmos:
           From Myths to the Accelerating Universe: A History of Cosmology
           H. Kragh
           2013, Oxford Univ. Press

           the History and Practic of Ancient Astronomy
           James Evans
           1998, Oxford Univ. Press

           Ancient Cosmologies
           eds. C. Blacker, M. Loewe
           1975, George Allen & Unwin Ltd.


Selection of key scientific publications in cosmology:

           - Hubble E., 1929, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sciences, Vol. 15, 168-173
              a relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae

           - Penzias A.A., Wilson R.W., 1965, Astrophys. J., 142, 419-421
              a measurement of excess antenna temperature at 080 Mc/s

           - Dicke R.H., Peebles P.J.E., Roll P.G., Wilkinson, D.T., 1965, Astrophys. J., 142, 414-419
              Cosmic Black-body Radiation






Mysterium Cosmographicum:
Kepler's Geometric Model of the Cosmos

Lecture Notes & Exam Material:

The course is based upon the lecture notes. The content of these is the exam material.
Below you find a listing of the notes, for you to download in 3 formats (pptx, pdf, pdf with 2 slides per page).

      Generals                                                                   pptx
         Generals                                                                   pdf

      Fundamental Questions                                            pptx
         Fundamental Questions                                            pdf

      Cosmology Timeline                                                 pptx
         Cosmology Timeline                                                 pdf

      Heavenly Rhythms                                                    pptx
         Heavenly Rhythms                                                    pdf

      Gods & Myths                                                           pptx
         Gods & Myths                                                           pdf

      Order in the Cosmos                                                  pptx
                         how Babylonians and Greeks rationalized the heavens       
         Order in the Cosmos                                                  pdf
                         how Babylonians and Greeks rationalized the heavens       

      the Universe Mechanized                                          pptx
                         Hellenistic Cosmology       
         the Universe Mechanized                                          pdf
                          Hellenistic Cosmology       

      the Universe Mechanized                                          pptx
                         the Antikythera Mechanism       
         the Universe Mechanized                                          pdf
                          the Antikythera Mechanism       

      the Scientific Revolution                                           pptx
         the Scientific Revolution                                           pdf

      Gravity, ruler of the Universe                                    pptx
         Gravity, master of the Universe                                 pdf

      the Big Bang                                                              pptx
         the Big Bang                                                              pdf

      the Expanding Universe                                            pptx
         the Expanding Universe                                            pdf

      the Early Universe                                                     pptx
         the Early Universe                                                     pdf





Tutorials:

November 23/December 14

                   Cosmology Awareness Poll, assignment
                   Cosmology Awareness Poll, group list

December 14/January 18

                   Cosmic Debates, assignment
                   Cosmic Debates, group list





Essay Topics:

Part of the course requirements is a 10 page (individual) or 15 page report (2 people) on a specific cosmological topic. The essays should be written individually or in groups of two.

Topics may be on Physical Cosmology (ie. the present-day scientific cosmology), cosmological contributions by a range of scientists, cosmology of a range of philosophers/philosophies, cosmology in various cultures, cosmology in different religions and cosmology in an artistic context.

The following list contains a large list op suggestions for a topic. In addition, you may define your own topic, on the condition it will be approved by the lecturer.

In all cases, before starting the work on your essay, consult the lecturer to 1) inform with whom you write the essay, 2) the topic of your choice. The list of topics you find on:

         Cosmology Essay Topics                                                   pdf

In case the topic has already been claimed by another group, I may ask you to find another topic.




Exam:

The exam will be in the form of

written exam (tuesday Jan. 22, 14:00-17:00)
essay on a topic of cosmology, 10 pages (individual) or 15 pages, groups of 2 students (see above)



For the Written Exam, on tuesday Jan. 22 (multiple choice, 50 questions)
                                     the following material will have to be studied:

Lecture notes, lect1 up to lect10 (download from this page, see above)
                            * lect1, Fundamental Questions
                                        all slides
                            * lect1a, Cosmology Timeline:
                                        read thoroughly, appreciate time/epochs of cosmological developments
                            * lect2, Heavenly Rhythms
                                        all slides
                            * lect3, Gods and Myths
                                        all slides
                            * lect4, Order in the Cosmos
                                        all slides
                            * lect5, The Universe Mechanized
                                        all slides
                            * lect5a, The Universe Mechanized, the Antikythera Mechanism
                                        read thoroughly, appreciate context and significance Antikythera Mechanism
                            * lect6, Scientific Revolution
                                        all slides
-                           * lect7, Gravity
                                        all slides
-                           * lect8, the Big Bang
                                        all slides
                            * lect9, the Expanding Universe
                                        slides 1 -71
                                        slides 72-118 on accelerating universe: read thoroughly
                            * lect10, the Early Universe
                                        slides 49-89 on problems of standard Big Bang, and Inflation

Exam examples: 10 typical questions of a Cosmic Origins exam:

                               Exam example questions





Echo of the Big Bang: Temperature Map of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (Planck satellite 2015)





Lecture Schedule:
(provisional, changes possible)















WeekDates
Hoorcollege
Subject Hoorcollege
1
November 12


Generals:
Course Generals


Introduction:
the Fundamental Cosmological Questions


November 16



the Fundamental Cosmological Questions



Cosmology Timeline


2
November 19



Heavenly Rhythms

November 23



Heavenly Rhythms


Tutorial:      Cosmology Awareness Poll, assignment
                    Cosmology Awareness Poll, group list

3
November 26


Gods and Myths


November 30



Order in the Cosmos:
how Babylonians and Greeks rationalized the heavens


4
December 3



the Universe Mechanized: Hellenistic Cosmology



December 7



the Universe Mechanized:
case study: the Antikythera Mechanism


Tutorial:      Tutorial: a Cosmic Debate between Worldviews

5
December 10



the Scientific Revolution: the Mechanization of Nature




December ?



Cosmology:
the philosophy of our world



December 14



Tutorial:      Cosmology Awareness Poll, presentations
6
December 17



the Dynamical Universe:
Einstein, Gravity and the Dynamics of our Universe


December 21



the Dynamical Universe:
Einstein, Gravity and the Dynamics of our Universe

7
January 7



the Big Bang

January 11



the Expanding Universe

8
January 14



the Early Universe


January 18



Tutorial:      a Cosmic Debate between Worldviews